Molecular orbitals {antibonding orbital} can be difference between two atomic orbitals that have quantum-wave destructive interference. Antibonding orbitals have electrons beyond nuclei. No shielding makes positively charged nuclei repel. Outside electrons pull positively charged nuclei apart.
Molecular orbitals {bonding orbital} can be sums of atomic orbitals that have quantum-wave constructive interference. Bonding orbitals have electrons between nuclei. Shielding reduces repulsion of positively charged nuclei. Between electrons pull positively charged nuclei together.
Most atomic and molecular orbitals {non-bonding orbital} have no sharing, overlap, or quantum-wave interference.
5-Chemistry-Inorganic-Chemical Bond
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Date Modified: 2022.0225